American Women in the 1920 - 1617 Words

American Women in the 1920s The 1920s was a decade full of challenges, opportunities, and new outlooks on the world for American women. They experienced drastic changes in politics, education, and even within their own homes. The â€Å"new women† were independent, confident, and no longer afraid to fight for their rights. Being isolated in their own homes, getting married and having children was no longer the only option, and many women chose different life paths, whether it would be pursuing a career, getting involved with the politics, or joining the feminist movement. The twenties was also a period of careless fun and casual relationships for many women as the society’s view on what was appropriate slowly changed. However you look at it,†¦show more content†¦Article in OAH Magazine of History stated â€Å"White women leaders entered the new decade with optimism about their newly enlarged public responsibilities. As they sought to expand their political infl uence, they debated among themselves as to how, and whether, they should act within the Democratic and Republican parties.† (p.22 â€Å"The New Woman and the Politics of the 1920s†). The League of Women Voters, which was created in place of NAWSA, urged women’s active citizenship rather than support of a particular political party, but many women were still split in their political opinions. Ironically the problems women faced regarding voting came mostly from the success of their suffrage. Once the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified, women suddenly divided themselves according to their race, ideology, class and age. African-American women had advantage over white women because they were almost all concerned with one party: the Republican. Even though these issues continued through the next few years as women resolved the issues between each other, they did work hard to pass the bills that mattered to them. Male politicians soon realized that for the first time i n the history of America they were no longer able to ignore women and their opinions. Although women disagreed on some political issues, the right to vote gave them a sense of responsibility to unite and demand equal rights on all levels of their lives. The role of women in our society was also redefined by the new typeShow MoreRelatedAmerican Women 1920-19602526 Words   |  11 PagesThroughout history, society has classified women and their roles and potential within a given society. There have been reasons in the past for this fact, which have included religious oppression and portraying of their role. The initial idea of a women’s place being in the home taking care of the children and looking after the home, this is still common in today’s society. Women now have a new found ability to fulfill their dreams and have achieved an independence that few would have perceivedRead MoreAfrican American Women and Feminists of the 1920s1031 Words   |  4 PagesFeminist of the 1920’s In the 1920’s, blues was a very popular and dominating genre in the music industry. Generally, the blues was sung by African American women because according to the book entitled, â€Å"Blues Legacies and Black Feminism† by Angela Davis, â€Å"†¦The most widely heard individual purveyors of the blues—were women.† (Davis 4) The blues delivers certain emotions such as sadness, loneliness, love, sex, and feelings about the certain circumstances the artist may be going through at the timeRead MoreImprovement of the Position of American Women by the End of 1920s839 Words   |  4 PagesImprovement of the Position of American Women by the End of 1920s I believe that the following statement the position of all women in the USA had improved by the end of the 1920s is not true because only a small percentage of womens lives changed, these were usually the upper or middle class and those who lived in the cities. I intend to prove my beliefs in the following paragraphs by evaluating the different aspects of their lifes, work, home, society and clothingRead MoreThe Great Gatsby1327 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is too concerned with conveying a picture of 1920s American society to have relevance to modern readers. From what you have read of the novel so far and using relevant contextual information, give your response to the above view. The USA in the 1920s is remembered as the ‘Roaring Twenties’, an age of new life, of hedonism and opportunity following the horrors the Great War. The decade is synonymous with wealth, materialism and unprecedented freedom. F. ScottRead MoreWomen Of The 1920 S 19391305 Words   |  6 PagesWomen of the 1920’s-1939 The 1920’s was an era of dramatic political and cultural change, where many Americans lived in cities rather than farms. Many inventors came to be noticed as new cars were invented and as music entered the entertainment industry. A new style of music was invented mainly in the African American community, creating the Harlem Renaissance; which was an evolution of music and entertainment in Harlem, New York City. The women of America began to evolve in the 1920s, addingRead MoreAdvancements During The Roaring Twenties Essay527 Words   |  3 Pagesof prosperity, music, dancing, and happiness. The 1920’s are often referred to as the â€Å"roaring twenties,† but many histories purpose that this is not a correct interpretation of this time period. America may have not been good for the some of the lower class in this time period, but the 1920’s were fantastic for most of the middle and upper class living in urban cities. The advantages of this time period did outweigh the bad, which is why the 1920’s are called the â€Å"roaring twenties.† Women’s rolesRead More F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesaristocratic flamboyancy and indifference of the 1920s. In his novel, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald explores many aspects of indifference and flamboyancy. A large influence on this society was the pursuit of the American Dream. Gangsters played a heavily influential role in the new money aristocracy of the 1920s. The indifference was mainly due to the advent of Prohibition in 1920. One major societal revolution in this period was that of the â€Å"new women,† who expressed new actions and beliefs. In TheRead MoreWomens Liberation in the 1920s Essay example1652 Words   |  7 Pagesalways like that for women. Many times in history women were oppressed, belittled, and deprived of the opportunity to learn and work in their desired profession. Instead, their life was confine d to the home and family. While this was a noble role, many females felt that they were being restricted and therefore desired more independence. In America, women started to break the mold in 1848 and continued to push for social, political, educational, and career freedom. By the 1920s, women had experienced significantRead MoreDifferences Between 1920 And The 1920s1367 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical and economic policy, it is no surprise that freedom and prosperity exclude different groups of people, such as immigrants and African Americans during both the 1920s and the 1950s. While both of these periods saw great changes to policies and increased prosperity under these times, the shadows of war and discrimination still left many behind. During the 1920s, freedom was defined by economic freedoms based on a hands-off government and increased freedom of expression due to the sexual revolutionRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1920 S1706 Words   |  7 PagesAt the beginning of the 1920’s, the United States was beginning to recover the economy now that World War I was over. During this decade, America became the richest nation in the world. The 1920’s, also referred to as the roaring twenties, was a period of dramatic and social change. More Americans during this era lived in the city rather than on a farm. The nation’s wealth doubled throughout the roaring twenties, and lead the Stock Market Crash of 1929 where the Great Depression followed after this

Is America Taking it too Far by Blaming Fast Food for High...

In 2013, a poll was taken making the United States the second fattest country in the world, following Mexico (NYPost, â€Å"Mexico Beats US to be World’s Fattest Country-†). So the questions stands, is America taking it too far by blaming fast food for the obesity rate? After all, It is the individuals choice where, and what to eat, but on another note, fast food restaurants have a very appealing way in getting buyers, and basically tricking society into eating processed junk food that is high in calories and fats. Even though it is the individual’s decision what to eat, fast food is one of the main reasons for obesity. It is cheap, easily accessible, and fast, but it also problem causing and very dangerous to our bodies. Since fast food is†¦show more content†¦The consequences of fast foods are truly unbelievable. Although fast food and drive through restaurants are easily accessible and â€Å"fast†, they are very harmful and put the body at risk for all sorts of diseases and cancers. They are full of processed gooey â€Å"meats† and they are anything but natural and nutritious to the body or mind. There are a number of unhealthy ingredients that are put into the foods served at a fast food restaurant, and the following question abides, â€Å"What’s really in this delicious cheeseburger..?† look it up, the results will be shocking. That mouth-watering Big Mac with the so called â€Å"world’s best fries† and sugary soft drink everyone craves may contain a whole days’ worth of the recommended calorie intake. The Big Mac alone contains 540 calories plus the 210 calories in your Classic Coca-Cola and the 380 calories in that medium fry (â€Å"Fast Food Nutrition Facts†). The daily calorie intake should be 1000-2000 calories per person according to OAC, but that one meal alone is 1130 calories. Talk about a fattening diet. All those calories in that Big Mac can eventually add up! 33.8% of the U.S population is affected by obesity, and 19% of those affected are adolescents (OAC).That’s $1,429 more per year paid by each of those individuals just because they are over-weight. Obesity is a big health issue and it leads to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease - America’s number one killer, and strokes. TheShow MoreRelatedAre We Taking It Too Far by Blaming Fast Food Restaurant for Obesity?1285 Words   |  6 PagesAre we taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurant for obesity? Although throughout the years many people have claimed that obesity is a genetic disorder for the most part; results of recent studies strongly indicate that lifestyles rather than genetics are what are causing an obese society, because people choose to not exercise, not watch their diet, and eat fast food. For the past few decades, food companies had aimed their marketing at single meals, pushing to inflate portion sizes. ThatRead MoreObesity : The Growing Rate Of Obesity2497 Words   |  10 Pagescountry in the world has a similar problem: the growing rate of obesity in the population. Few may ask this question: what is obesity? Obesity is a condition characterized by a person’s excessive accumulation and storage of body fat. Millions of people around the world are affected by obesity, while hundreds of thousands of lives are claimed every year due to this preventable condition. We, as Americans, constantly blame fast food for our obesity problem. In my opinion, think it’s the opposite. Read MoreThe Future of Responsibility Essay example1137 Words   |  5 PagesEven as people in America incline themselves in adopting better living standards, health problems are increasing at an alarming rate. One of the most serious problems nowadays is obesity. To put it simply, obesity is a term used to describe the body weight of a person that is much greater than what is healthy. Unfortunately, the majority of those who are victimized by obesity are children. â€Å"Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Worldwide, approximately 22 million children under 5 yearsRead MoreObesity Epidemic Around The World2602 Words   |  11 PagesObesity Epidemic around the World The Walt Disney production â€Å"Wall-E† is a portrayed image of what our world could soon become. If you aren’t familiar with what the film is about, it is about obese humans relying on technology to do everything and anything for them. They weren’t concerned with their health at all, ordering jumbo soda and super-sized meals of fast food, for every meal. As Wall-E broads the ship and knocks some humans out of their delusional life style, they begin to realize somethingRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagessuccesses/Robert F. Hartley. —11th ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-470-16981-0 (pbk.) 1. Marketing—United States—Case studies. I. Title. HF5415.1.H37 2009 658.800973—dc22 2008040282 ISBN-13 978-0-470-16981-0 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PREFACE Welcome to the 30th anniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are pastRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesthat follows indicates the main focus of each of the chosen case studies – together with important subsidiary foci (where appropriate). In general, the sequence of cases is intended to mirror the chapter sequence. However, this should not be taken too literally because, of course, many of these cases cover a variety of issues. The ‘classiï ¬ cation’ provided is therefore guidance only. We expect readers to seek their own lessons from cases, and tutors to use cases in whichever way and sequence bestRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagescom/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945). DeCenzo, David A, Robbins, Stephen P. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management—10th ed. ISBN-13 978-0470-16968-1 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Brief Contents PA RT 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING HRM The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal EmploymentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesreproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying

Financial Management of China-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Financial Management of China. Answer: Introduction: Each country has its own separate economic structure and resource endowment. This further leads a country to produce different goods and services by utilising their own factors of production. In this context, it is important to mention that, a country can produce all goods and services at its maximum level. It is impossible for them to satisfy demands for their own country. In this situation, a country enters into an international trading operation through a global economic platform. On the other side, each country operates various economic activities within their own territory. Under the concept of world economy, both international and national economic activities take part. In recent world, each country is a part of international trade. As the total number of population in the world is increasing significantly and technology helps them to communicate with each other, the world economy is increasing significantly (Wirtz, Tuzovic and Ehret 2015). Under this global economic platform, some countries, which have significant economic conditions both in national and international markets, play an important role. Those countries are United States, China, Japan, Germany and United Kingdom and so on. In this report, the chosen country is China. This report will discuss about the recent impact of Chinas economic condition in the world market (Taylor 2016). Moreover, it will also discuss about the countrys economic conditions in its domestic market by analysing GDP growth trend, unemployment rate and inflation rate. After discussing the whole concept, an appropriate conclusion will be provided. Background: After United States, China is the second largest economy in the world. Moreover, the country possesses the maximum number of population compare to other countries. Chinas economy has strongly influenced the international economy and world market. In 1970s, the country transformed itself from a closed economy to an exporting hub. After the economic reform in 1978, China is experiencing one of the fastest growing economies in the world. According to the nominal GDP, Chinas economy ranks second in 2016 (Lee 2017). The country also has ranked first according to its purchasing power parity (PPP). China also has earned significant position in international market by exporting and importing goods. The country is the largest exporter and has captured vast portion of international market. At present, Chinas economy is chiefly based on market, which is based on private property ownership. Due to good infrastructure, low labour cost and high productivity, China has established itself as the lea der in manufacturing sector. The country is a member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and has captured largest trading power in the world. Hence, China has significant importance in international market. It is continuously rebalancing its economic position by adopting various national and international business methods. However, after international financial crisis, the country has faced a downfall economy. The global financial crisis has no influenced the economic condition of China directly; rather, indirect affects have influenced its economic scenario. China in the world market: Chinas economy is very important because of its large and enhancing economic condition. Moreover, it connects with other countries through trade. At the beginning of 2016, the financial market faced an unbalanced condition when Shanghai Stock Index of China directly declined to 7% within one day (Cashin, Mohaddes and Raissi 2017). As a result, stock market of United States, Europe and Asia declined significantly. After that situation, traders noticed on financial market condition of China. On the other side, economists were trying to analyse the underlying problem of this country related to its slow economy. Hence, the country has faced economic crash during this year. This negative movement of Chinas economy further adversely has affected the world economy. During this economic crisis, China has reduced its demand for oil. Over supply of oil has declined the oil price in international market. As a result, economic condition of some countries like Russia, the United States of America (U.S.A) and the OPEC countries have been affected inversely. Those countries were fully depended on Chinas demand for oil. Hence, they have faced huge economic loss. China also imports iron ore, steel, copper and lead and so on. Hence, decreasing economic condition of China has adversely influenced the economic conditions of all exporting countries at that moment (Hong, Lee, Liao and Seneviratne 2017). Those commodity-exporting countries are Brazil, Peru, South Africa and Australia and more. Hence, due to economic condition of China, world market has faced deflationary pressures. China also has indirectly affected the international trading condition of other countries with whom it did not has any direct relation of trading. This happens because all countries that have exported products in China have also faced huge economic loss. Hence, their unstable economic conditions further help other countries to decline their international business. As a result, various international busines s organisations, which operate their business with China, also have faced huge loss, individually. Chinas economic condition also affects economic condition of the United States. Hence, the financial condition of China can deeply influence the world market. Figure 1: Imports of goods and services of China (2008-2016) Source: (Data.worldbank.org, 2018) As stated above, China has reduced product imports from world market due to its financial crisis and slow economy. This economic condition can be supported by the statistical data of the World Bank. It can be stated from the above figure that imports of China has faced a decreasing trend since 2015. Hence, this figure supports the view that China has declined its imports during last few years and as a result, the world economy has also faced negative impacts. Figure 2: Exports of goods and services of China (2008-2016) Source: (World Bank, 2018) The argument can also be supported by analysing the export trend of the country for the last ten years. China has exported goods and services with other countries and has maintained a stable position. However, due to its financial loss, the country has declined its export services since 2016. Hence, this further has affected world economy. Therefore, from this practical scenario, a clear picture can be depicted easily. In modern business scenario of international market, each country is participating in international trade. All countries are strongly connected with each other by exporting and importing goods and services. In this situation, any strong economic changes affect other countries, as well. China has the largest economy with strong financial support through inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) (Taylor 2016). Hence, its economic disturbance affects most of the world adversely. It has great implication in world market with significant market share. The country has also captured huge portion of international market. On the other side, Chinas positive economic condition can influence the world economy in a positive way. Hence, other countries, which are directly or indirectly depend upon China, can face positive economic environment. This implication is also true for all other countries, which also have great share in world market (Huchet?Bourdon, Le Moul and Vijil 2018). Thus, world economy is chiefly based on economic condition of countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan and so on. Chinas domestic economic condition: Chinas economic condition has faced various phases of economic since 1978. From a planned economy to a market-oriented economy, the country has experienced different economic condition. However, it is important to focus on current economic condition of China. By using some economic factors, this will be easy to describe the present economic condition of China (Green and Stern 2017). Those macroeconomic factors are GDP growth rate, unemployment and inflation rate. GDP growth rate: Gross domestic product (GDP) is an important indicator that helps to measure the economic condition of a country. Hence, to analyse economic condition of China, it will be useful to analyse this GDP growth trend of this country for the last eight years (Yilmaz 2018). Chinas economic reform and slowdown economy has decreased the GDP growth rate at recent years. However, the real GDP of China has a higher value. After analysing this trend, the economic condition of China can be stated. Figure 3: GDP growth rate of China (2008-2016) Source: (World Bank, 2018) It can be stated from the above figure that the GDP growth rate of China has declined steadily, since 2010. Before that, the country has enjoyed an upward rising trend of GDP. Due to worldwide financial crisis, Chinas GDP has faced a sharp decline. However, the economic condition of China has remained better compare to other countries. Except this external factor, some other internal factors have also influenced Chinas GDP to go down. The country has faced significant decline in construction and manufacturing output. Except those chief drivers, some other factors also have affected the growth trend of China negatively. Those factors are industrial overcapacity, debt and inefficient allocation of capital. Hence, the overall economic condition of China is facing a downward phase. This happens due to structural reform of the country. Unemployment: Chinas unemployment rate has remained at a higher level, since 2010 and is still facing some challenges still now. The main reason behind the countrys higher rate of unemployment is its structural reform. The government of China has taken this step for the countrys high economic growth. Hence, this economic reform has brought major changes in the countrys business environment. Moreover, the countrys economic slowdown, increasing rate of population and increasing number of multinational companies have also played import role in this context. China remains unable to overcome this situation (Wei, Xie and Zhang 2017). Economic reforms further affect entire labour forces adversely by cutting down excess labour and introducing early retirement schemes. Moreover, the number of international labour has also increased, due to establishment of multinational companies (Chen et al. 2017). As a result, the labour market of China has faced higher level of competition, which further has affected ma ny people adversely by losing their job. Figure 4: Unemployment rate of China (2008-2017) Source: (World Bank, 2018) This argument of unemployment can be supported by the above figure. This figure is representing an inverse relationship with the countrys national income. After 2010, the country has faced an increasing trend of unemployment due to global economic crisis. However, this rate has not fluctuate to a large extend when the country has faced an economic slowdown. Inflation: Inflation rate is another important indicator to measure the economic condition of a country. This is also applicable for a large economic country like China. Higher rate of inflation is not desirable for any country. China is facing various economic problems for the last few years. However, the inflation rate of this country has almost remained stable since 2012 (Liu and Chen 2017). As the government of the country is trying to attain high economic growth, their fiscal and monetary policies help this China to control inflation rate. Figure 5: Inflation rate of China (2008-2016) Source: (World Bank, 2018) According to figure 5, Chinas inflation rate in terms of consumer prices, increased sharply from 2009 to 2011. After that, this rate declined by a small percentage in 2012. Then, the country has faced almost a stable rate of inflation. However, this inflation rate is facing slight upward trend since 2015 and it may increase further and this is not good for Chinas economic condition. Conclusion: China possesses a large economy with great significance. Hence, the country can influence the world economy by its economic condition. In this context, it is very important for China to take proper economic decision so that world economy remains sustain and uninterrupted. This will further help various developed and developing countries to maintain a stable financial condition. Thus, Chinas economy plays vital role directly and indirectly in world market by influencing various economic factors. Those economic factors, like export and import, relate many countries with each other. Moreover, various international companies will be affected directly with the changing economic pattern of China either in positive direction or in negative direction. This argument can be true for all other countries, which enjoy a large share in the world economy. On the other side, Chinas own economic condition is also facing many difficulties. The country is facing a decreasing trend of GDP and an increas ing trend of unemployment. However, the trend of real GDP of China is high compare to other countries. The country is facing a high rate of unemployment due to its structural reform for higher economic growth. Inflation rate remains at a higher rate and it is predicted that this rate will increase further. However, the economic condition of China is still better compare to all other developed and developing countries. References: Cashin, P., Mohaddes, K. and Raissi, M., 2017. China's slowdown and global financial market volatility: Is world growth losing out?.Emerging Markets Review,31, pp.164-175. Chen, L.X., Chew, Y.B., Lim, R.L.H., Tan, W.Y. and Twe, K.Y., 2017.Macroeconomic Factors Affecting Unemployment Rate in China(Doctoral dissertation, UTAR). Data.worldbank.org. (2018).GDP growth (annual %) | Data. [online] Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?cid=GPD_30end=2016locations=CNstart=2008 [Accessed 25 Feb. 2018]. Data.worldbank.org. (2018).Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | Data. [online] Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS?end=2016locations=CNstart=2008 [Accessed 25 Feb. 2018]. Data.worldbank.org. (2018).Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) | Data. [online] Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?end=2016locations=CNstart=2008 [Accessed 25 Feb. 2018]. Data.worldbank.org. (2018).Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) | Data. [online] Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?end=2017locations=CNstart=2008 [Accessed 25 Feb. 2018]. Green, F. and Stern, N., 2017. China's changing economy: implications for its carbon dioxide emissions.Climate policy,17(4), pp.423-442. Hong, G.H., Lee, J., Liao, W. and Seneviratne, D., 2017. China and Asia in global trade slowdown.Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy,8(01), p.1750001. Huchet?Bourdon, M., Le Moul, C. and Vijil, M., 2018. The relationship between trade openness and economic growth: some new insights on the openness measurement issue.The World Economy,41(1), pp.59-76. Lee, J.W., 2017. China's economic growth and convergence.The World Economy,40(11), pp.2455-2474. Liu, H.Y. and Chen, X.L., 2017. The imported price, inflation and exchange rate pass-through in China.Cogent Economics Finance,5(1), p.1279814. Taylor, J.B., 2016. The role of the Chinese economy in the world economy: A US perspective.China Economic Review,40, pp.281-285. Wei, S.J., Xie, Z. and Zhang, X., 2017. From" Made in China" to" Innovated in China": Necessity, Prospect, and Challenges.Journal of Economic Perspectives,31(1), pp.49-70. Wirtz, J., Tuzovic, S. and Ehret, M., 2015. Global business services: Increasing specialization and integration of the world economy as drivers of economic growth.Journal of Service Management,26(4), pp.565-587. World Bank. (2018).World Bank Group - International Development, Poverty, Sustainability. [online] Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/ [Accessed 24 Feb. 2018]. Yilmaz, ., 2018. AN ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF TURKEY AND BRICS COUNTRIES.European Journal of Alternative Education Studies.

Case Study Drugs affecting the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Question: Describe about the Case Study for Drugs affecting the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract? Answer: 1. Mrs. Johnson is taking the medicine because she is suffering from the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Metoclopramide is a drug for mainly stomach and oesophageal ailments. It helps in the contraction in the upper portion of the digestive tract. It also decreases heartburn caused by GERD. So she is being treated with the medicine. 2. The important patient variables here are heartburn, and the side effects of the drug Metoclopramide that she is taking like nausea, sleeplessness and anxiety. 3. Nurse can help to optimize treatment by monitoring pharmacodynamic markers. With a flexible approach to drug and dosage selection, it should be possible to manage GERD in an effective manner. 4. The patient is having heartburn that is not severe. Patient has shown side effect towards the medication Metoclopramide. Patient has shown sleeplessness, nausea, and anxiety. Since patient shown side effects towards the medication and the heartburn type is not serious the patients case. The patient can take antacids because they can stop the heartburn and treat quickly to the symptoms of GERD. The patient also can get treatment of Histamine type 2 receptor antagonists. This treatment can cause the stomach to produce fewer acids. And will lower the heartburn. The patient can also get treated by proton pump inhibitors. That can also reduce the heat burn. The patient should follow a change in lifestyle. 5. Since the patient has shown side effects for the drugs she may take antacids for a quick relief and with very little minimum side effects. The side effects for H2RA s may be a headache, constipation, nausea. PPIs can show side effects like a pain in the abdomen, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhoea. PPIs can increase the chance of getting infections inside intestine or lungs.PPI s can also increase the tendency of breaking a bone. 6. To maximize the therapeutic effects it is must important that the patient should follow to maintain a healthy lifestyle, a healthy diet, do regular exercise, taking proper rest and quit alcohol. The patient should avoid eating foods that may increase her heartburn or hard to digest. Also the patient should take proper medications or other alternatives such as antacids, 7. The patient should undergo the therapies properly under the supervision of the nurse. Avoid foods that can increase the ailment. The patient should avoid eating any food before going to bed. The patient should quit alcohol to get the benefit of the therapy. The patient should undergo the treatment that has minimal side effects. 8. The patient should treat properly for her continuous heartburns. If that remain unchecked, then she may get into serious health issues. She should avoid the eating foods that may trigger heartburns. She should follow a healthy lifestyle and avoid drinking alcohol during treatment. The following tests such as Endoscopy, oesophageal pH monitoring and manometry of the patient could help better in the treatment process. The test oesophageal pH monitoring can help to find out if the patient requires surgical treatment or not.